ABSTRACT
Background: Convalescent plasma (CP) obtained from patients following recovery from COVID-19 is an option for treatment, since antibodies may have antiviral and anticoagulation effect. Aim(s): The goal of this review is to present the latest evidence in the use of CP for COVID-19, raise questions regarding donor selection, collection, testing of CP, timing and volume of CP, and offer recommendations for future research. Method(s): -Systematic review of all published available literature assessing the use of CP for COVID-19. -Simple scoring was structured (0 min-10max). Minimal score (O) gives maximal possibility of successfully treatment with CP in COVID-19 patients and the opposite. This scoring system was applied into chosen 54 published studies. Result(s): We analyzed data in 18 published Case reports, 31 Case series, 11 Observational studies, and 5 RTc. According to our score min.score 0 was not obtained in any type of study, either score 1 or 2. Only one observational study has score 3. In this group score vary from 3 to 9.5, but most studies had a high score (6 -9). In the group of case reports score was from 4 to 8 (the largest number had a score of 7). In case report studies the score vary from 4 (just one case) to 8. Higher scores were registered in the largest number of case reports also. In the case series that were the most numerous (31) available reports concerning research in CP treatment of COVID 9 patients, the minimum score was 5 (only one series), the max score was 10, and most series had a score of 6 to 9. The number of randomized studies was the lowest, only 5. In this group, the score ranged from 6.5 -9. Conclusion(s): Despite a number of performed studies there is not god enough pretreatment estimation for success of CP treatment in COVID.
ABSTRACT
Background/Aim. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) 2019 infection represents a global problem. At this moment, in October 2020, there is no vaccine or efficient treatment for infected patients. Treatment with blood plasma rich with anti-SARS-CoV-2 specific antibodies might be a safe, and effective therapy for COVID-19 patients. Methods. A total of 768 patients were analyzed in this study, whose samples were collected in a time interval from May 1, 2020, till August 15, 2020. Patients were enrolled in the study from COVID-19 hospitals and out-clinics. In-house ELISA tests were developed to measure the concentration of anti-S1S2 spike and anti-nucleoprotein (np) (IgG, IgA, IgM) SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Blood convalescent plasma was selectively collected from recovered patients according to specific antibodies concentration. Results. The highest concentrations of anti-S1S2 spike or anti-np specific IgG antibodies were detected in patients with the moderate/heavy clinical form of the infection. An extremely high concentration of anti-S1S2 spike IgG and anti-np IgG was demonstrated in 3% and 6% of patients who recovered from severe COVID-19, respectively. Of tested hospitalized patients, 63% and 51% had modest levels of anti-S1S2 spike and anti-np, respectively. After 60 days, in our selected donors, concentrations of antiS1S2 spike IgG and anti-np IgG antibodies increased in 67% and 58% of donors, respectively. Conclusion. In-house developed ELISA tests enable a novel protocol for selecting convalescent blood plasma donors recovered from SARS-CoV-2 infection.